Dynamics Of Crime And Delinquency Research Paper

Elements Of Crime And Delinquency - Research Paper Example General discouragement expresses that the rebuffing guilty parties caution the remainder of the populace from taking part in a similar wrongdoing. General prevention is intended to make individuals mindful of the repulsions and authorizes consequently startling them from carrying out violations. Since the general discouragement was intended to deflect those, who witness the curse of torment on the lawbreaker, beatings, were customarily completed out in the open with the goal that it could frighten away individuals from rehashing such wrongdoing (Hugh and Scott, 2010). Explicit discouragement on the opposite side is intended to hinder just the individual guilty party from rehashing a similar wrongdoing. Defenders of explicit prevention hold that serious discipline will dissuade the guilty party from carrying out a comparative wrongdoing later on. An understudy seriously rebuffed for tormenting a kindred understudy is likely not to rehash a similar demonstration later on. Prevention speculations are genuine instances of remedial estimates that are useful in explaining criminal acts in our schools. Be that as it may, not all wrongdoings are anything but difficult to fathom since some are more intricate than others. Furthermore, not all the violations draw in comparative punishments. A significant factor that prevents the utilization of discouragement in our schools is the individual contrasts among the understudies. Not all understudies experience the danger of a restorative discipline. A few understudies, for example, are short sited, progressively imprudent, intoxicated, or are under the friend impact and they, subsequently, will in general recurrent similar violations. A few wrongdoings are anything but difficult to dissuade than others, and a few people effectively react decidedly to discouragement than others. For example, in schools, it is simpler to stop harassing than to check medication and substance misuse since drugs become a propensity, and individual understudies are probably going to get dependent. Moreover, prevention may not make a difference to certain individuals in light of their characters and their passionate reaction (Barlow and Kauzlarich, 2010).

John Bany free essay sample

East Hubbard Street in Chicago, and watched John Banyan perform. John Banyan is supposed to be one of Chicago most innovative bass players. Banyan was brought up in Ohio, yet has had the benefit of calling Chicago his home for barely thirty years. John Banyan contemplated bass with Charlie Metcalf, Harold Roberts and Richard Topper, whom all Just so happen to be bassists with the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, and he additionally holds a concur in music from the Miami University, in Oxford, Ohio.John Banyan won the US Air Force Worldwide Talent Contest in 1964, and afterward he went out and about with the Jimmy Dorset Orchestra and progressively filled in as the Jazz editorial manager for the International Society of Bassists Magazine, from 1984 through 1988. HIS bass playing, and every so often his extraordinary vocal styling, have thrilled crowds everywhere throughout the world. John Banyan has played at such a large number of various Jazz based celebrations, Including he unique Big Horn in Ivanhoe, Illinois, the Chicago Jazz Festival, where he has shown up, the Mid-American Jazz Festival in SST. We will compose a custom article test on John Bany or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Louis, Elkhart Jazz Festival where he has shown up and the Atlanta World Music Fest. John Banyan has recorded with Joe Venues, Bud Freeman, Eddie Higgins, Bonnie Color, Chuck Hedges and Don Domiciled. His music can likewise be heard on the Grammar selected collection, The Real Bud Freeman from 1984, which coincidentally, got four and a half stars in Downbeat. His music can likewise be heard on the Grammar Award inning collection, A Tribute to Steve Goodman as well.Largely because of his affection for the Jam meeting, John Banyan has performed with a rundown of nearby and national illuminating presences too long to even consider naming. John Banyan has said that he feels the jam meeting speaks to the tallness of jazz correspondence, an assessment which he had shaped at an extremely youthful age, when John Bands bassist father would direct jazz sticks in their Ohio home. Since the alternativeness,John Banyan has made Jam meetings in Chicago his meat and potatoes. I delighted in observing John Banyan perform, and I really to talk with him a while later which was likewise beautiful cool.Hes pleasant and he has an astounding ability; he said hes never worked a day in his life since he doesnt consider playing to be bass as something he would think about a vocation. John Banyan By traps Andy Jazz Jam with John Banyan Earlier this evening, I went to Andy Jazz Club on 11 East Hubbard Street in Chicago, and watched John Banyan perform. John Banyan is supposed to be one of Chaffs United States Air Force Worldwide Talent Contest in 1964, and afterward he went out on or the International Society of Bassists Magazine, from 1984 through 1988.His bass the world. John Banyan has played at such a significant number of various Jazz based celebrations, including and a half stars in DownBeat. His music can likewise be heard on the Grammar Award the Jam meeting speaks to the tallness of Jazz correspondence, a supposition which he had shaped at an extremely youthful age, when John Bands bassist father would lead Jazz sticks in their Ohio home. Since the alternativeness, John Banyan has made Jam meetings consider playing to be bass as something he would think about a Job. John Bany free exposition test Show Assignment Andys Jazz Jam with John Bany Earlier this evening, I went to Andys Jazz Club on 11 East Hubbard Street in Chicago, and watched John Bany perform. John Bany is supposed to be one of Chicagcfs most imaginative bass players. Bany was brought up in Ohio, however has had the benefit of calling Chicago his home for barely thirty years. John Bany examined bass with Charlie Medcalf, Harold Roberts and Richard Topper, whom all Just so happen to be bassists with the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, and he additionally holds a degree in music from the Miami University, in Oxford, Ohio. John Bany won the United States Air Force Worldwide Talent Contest in 1964, and afterward he went out and about with the Jimmy Dorsey Orchestra and progressively filled in as the Jazz manager for the International Society of Bassists Magazine, from 1984 through 1988. His bass playing, and sometimes his novel vocal executions, have thrilled crowds everywhere throughout the world. We will compose a custom exposition test on John Bany or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page John Bany has played at such a large number of various Jazz based celebrations, remembering the first Big Horn for Ivanhoe, Illinois, the Chicago Jazz Festival, where he has shown up, the Mid-American Jazz Festival in St. Louis, Elkhart Jazz Festival here he has shown up and the Atlanta World Music Fest. John Bany has recorded with Joe Venuti, Bud Freeman, Eddie Higgins, Bonnie Koloc, Chuck Hedges and Don DeMichael. His music can likewise be heard on the Grammy designated collection, The Real Bud Freeman from 1984, which incidentally, got four and a half stars in DownBeat. His music can likewise be heard on the Grammy Award winning collection, A Tribute to Steve Goodman too. To a great extent because of his adoration for the Jam meeting, John Bany has performed with a rundown of neighborhood and national lights too long to even consider naming. John Bany has said that he believes he Jam meeting speaks to the tallness of Jazz correspondence, an opinionin which he had framed at an extremely youthful age, when John Barys bassist father would direct Jazz sticks in their Ohio home. Since the lateseventies, John Bany has made Jam meetings in Chicago his meat and potatoes. I delighted in observing John Bany perform, and I really got the chance to talk with him a short time later which was additionally quite cool. Hes exceptionally pleasant and he has a stunning ability; he said hes never worked a day in his life since he doesnt consider playing to be bass as something he would think about a Job. John Bany By nessameler047

Assignment 2 The Impact Of Educational Change And The Implications

Assignment 2 The Impact Of Educational Change And The Implications Assignment 2: The Impact Of Educational Change And The Implications For Your Teaching Practice â€" Assignment Example > AbstractAdult education in Australia continue to gain shape and momentum as the country’s adult population continues to blossom. Most adults in the country have been forced to balance the need to pursue post secondary education and work at the same time. This has led to the emergence of a new generation of learner known as “earner-learner” student. Majority of the students have therefore been forced to look for a learning approach that would lead to reduction of number of hours spent in learning institutions. In this regard, e-learning has offered a perfect platform for the Australian adult students to meet both their education and employment needs. It presents a whole new concept that promises to change the face of education system in the country. Key word: Adult education and e-learningIntroductionAustralia remains one of the countries in the world with attractive scenic beauty, vacation sports and well educated people. The population of the country is highly diversified d ue to high cases of cross-marriages. This diverse nature of the country’s population has over the years seen most citizens making numerous demands including the diversification of the education sector. There have been calls by the Australian citizens to the government and other stakeholders in the education sector to adopt new strategies on teaching and learning. One such area in the education sector that has attracted much interest is adult education. The adult education in Australia has increasingly become popular over the years. The increase has been influenced by various prevailing social, economic political factors in the country. Previous findings by past researchers have shown that the average life expectancy among the Australian people has increased over the years. For instance, due to improved lifestyles, most Australian citizens have been able to live longer. This has led to an increase in the numbers of adults in the country. Consequently, the demand for adult educati on has increased tremendously. According to Tennant and Morris (2001), 41% of Australian university students are adults aged 25 years and above with about 63% of the student population aged above 20 years. Even as the demand for adult education continues to increase Australia, there have been numerous emerging challenges. Researchers like Lipsitz (2003) have observed that the legal definition of who qualifies to be an adult student has been unclear. Another challenge has been the discomfort among the adult learners. Most adult learners find it uncomfortable to share the same learning environment with young students. Another school of though holds that appear to be out of practice with the requisite learning skills due to the break they have had from the forming learning system. This therefore affects their academic performance. In an argument by Tavangarian et al (2004), flexibility could be ranked as the top most challenge for an adult student within the formal learning environmen t. The proponents of this view observe that most adult students are tasked with the responsibility of attending to family and job matters while at the same time striving to attend to the demands of formal classes. This presents adult students with the challenge of divided attention thus affecting their academic performance.

Common Mistakes in English for ESL Learners

Common mistakes are mistakes that even native speakers make on a regular basis. The most common of these common mistakes include its or its, two, to or too, would of instead of would have, and more. The best way to not make these common mistakes is to become familiar with them through a wide variety of examples.​ You can use each of these pages as a starting point to practice not making these common mistakes in the future. Each page has a clear explanation with example sentences. Each common mistake page is followed by a quiz to help you check your understanding. Here are a few suggestions for how you can use these pages to reduce these common mistakes. Remember that each language has its own common mistakes. Some Common Mistakes Top Five Common Writing Mistakes in EnglishGood vs. WellBring, Take, Fetch, GetDifference Between From and OfEveryone / Every OneEveryday / Every DayWhether / IfEnoughA Little, Little, A Few, FewA Lot, Lots Of, A Lot OfFemale - Feminine / Male - MasculineIts vs. ItsTwo, Too, ToTheyre, Their, ThereYoure vs. YourConfusing WordsSince vs. ForHave vs. Of in ConditionalsHas gone to vs. Has been toThen vs. ThanDouble NegativesSo do I, Neither did ISo ... that, such ... thatBoth ... and, neither ... nor, either ... or Improving Common Mistakes Make sure to completely understand the common mistake. Look at the examples and ask yourself if you have made these common mistakes. Think about reading, writing and speaking and how they influence each other. For example, the common mistake would of rather than would have is often made because of the way would have sounds in connected speech. In other words, when people speak quickly they run the words together and the form would have SOUNDS like would of. When people then go to write this form they think back to what they have heard and make the common mistake of writing would of. NOT CORRECT! - He would of come to the party if he had had time.CORRECT - He would have come to the party if he had had time. Take time to write down the common mistakes on a piece of paper or in a separate document on your computer. Spend the time to write five or more sentences practicing the correct form of the common mistake in question. Take the time to really think about the mistake when practicing. Chances are you will never make the mistake again! Listen to / read other people for these common mistakes. Once you understand the common mistake, start listening to other people or reading their texts. Can you spot the common mistakes they make? How Many Common Mistakes Are There? You might wonder how many common English mistakes exist. Thats a difficult question to answer. There are certain mistakes made in grammar, common mistakes made in pronunciation, and there are many common mistakes made because of confusing words. Are Common Mistakes Bad? Common mistakes are mistakes. However, its (not its!) important to remember that the most important thing about using a language is communication. If you are able to communicate in English you are on the road to success. If you make a few common mistakes, you can certainly correct those mistakes. Will People Understand Me if I Make a Common Mistake? Generally, but not always, people will understand you if you make a common mistake. Context (what is happening around the situation) often makes it clear what you really mean. People fill in the blanks, understand that you mean something else, etc. Have confidence and try to eliminate common English mistakes, but make sure to continue speaking and writing English as much as you can!

Definition and Examples of Expletives in English

In English grammar, expletive (pronounced EX-pli-tiv, from Latin, to fill) is a traditional term for a word—such as there  or  it—that serves to shift the emphasis in a sentence or embed one sentence in another.  Sometimes called a syntactic expletive or  (because the expletive has no  apparent  lexical meaning) an  empty word. There is also a second definition. In general usage, an expletive is an exclamatory word or expression, often one thats profane or obscene. In the book Expletive Deleted: A Good Look at Bad Language (2005), Ruth Wajnryb points out that expletives are frequently uttered without addressing anyone specifically. In this sense, they are reflexive—that is, turned in on the user. Examples and Observations of the First Definition Rather than providing a grammatical or structural meaning as the other structure-word classes do, the expletives—sometimes defined as empty words—generally act simply as operators that allow us to manipulate sentences in a variety of ways. (Martha Kolln, Understanding English Grammar, 1998) Full (Content) Words and  Empty (Form) Words It is now generally accepted that the absolute terms (full words and empty  words) and the rigid division of the dichotomy are misleading: on the one hand, there is no agreed way of quantifying the degrees of fullness which exist; on the other hand, the only words which seem to qualify as empty are the forms of be, to, there, and it—but only in certain of their uses, of course, viz. be as copula, infinitival to, there and it as unstressed subject props. . . . Most of the words commonly adduced as empty (e.g., of, the) can be shown to contain meaning, definable in terms other than stating grammatical contexts . . .. (David Crystal, English Word Classes. Fuzzy Grammar: A Reader,  ed by Bas Aarts et al. Oxford University Press, 2004)I dont believe them, Buttercup thought. There are no sharks in the water and there is  no blood in his cup. (William Goldman,  The Princess Bride, 1973)When youre not here to look at me I have to laugh at  your absurd powers. (Rosellen Brown , How to Win. The Massachusetts Review, 1975)Its  a pity that Kattie couldnt be here tonight. (Penelope Fitzgerald,  The Bookshop. Gerald Duckworth, 1978)There are only two ways to live your life. One is as though nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle. (attributed to Albert Einstein) Expletive Constructions: Stylistic Advice [A] device for emphasizing a particular word (whether the normal complement or the normal subject) is the so-called expletive construction, in which we begin the sentence with It is or There is. Thus, we can write: It was a book that John gave (or simply It was a book). But we can also write, throwing stress on the normal subject: It was John who gave the book. . . .Be on your guard against drifting into expletive or passive constructions. Obviously we achieve no emphasis if . . . we begin a good half of our sentences with It is or There is . . .. All emphasis or haphazard emphasis is no emphasis. (Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren, Modern Rhetoric, 3rd ed. Harcourt, 1972) Examples and Observations of Definition #2 Oh, my goodness! Oh,  my gracious! Oh, my  golly! What a narrow escape! What a near miss! What good fortune for our friends! (Roald Dahl,  Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator, 1972)Holy mackerel.  Youre Aaron Maguires son? Good grief.  Good heavens. Your familys practically a dynasty in South Bend. Everybody knows theyre wallowing in money. (Jennifer Greene, Blame It on Paris. HQN, 2012)His arms give way and he crumples onto the grass, shrieking and laughing and rolling down the hill. But he lands on a stiff little thorn branch.  Shit bugger  bloody,  shit bugger  bloody. (Mark Haddon, The Red House. Vintage, 2012) Expletive Deleted (1) Originally, an expression used to fill out a line of verse or a sentence, without adding anything to the sense. (2) An interjected word, especially an oath or a swearword. At the time of the Watergate hearings in the U.S. in the 1970s, during the presidency of Richard Nixon, the phrase expletive deleted occurred frequently in the transcript of the White House tapes. The connection between original and derived meaning is caught in the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (1987), explaining the expletive use of f---ing as an adjective in I got my f---ing foot caught in the f---ing door: it is used as an almost meaningless addition to speech. Here, it is meaningless at the level of ideas but hardly at the level of emotion. (R. F. Ilson, Expletive. The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford University Press, 1992) Infixes The places where expletives may be inserted, as a matter of emphasis, are closely related to (but not necessarily identical to) the places where a speaker may pause.  Expletives are  normally positioned at word boundaries (at positions which are the boundary for  grammatical  word and also for phonological word). But there are exceptions—for instance the sergeant-majors protest that I wont have no more insu blood ordination from you lot or such things as Cindy bloody rella . . .. McCarthy (1982) shows that expletives may only be positioned immediately before a stressed  syllable. What was one unit now becomes two phonological words (and the expletive is a further word).(R.M.W. Dixon and Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, Words: A Typological Framework. Word: A Cross-Linguistic Typology, ed. by  Dixon and Aikhenvald. Cambridge University Press, 2003)

Indian Parliament Free Essays

PARLIAMENT IN INDIA AND SHORT NOTES ON OTHER PARLIAMENTS By, T. Vishnu, IX A. The  Parliament of India  is the supreme  legislative body  in  India. We will write a custom essay sample on Indian Parliament or any similar topic only for you Order Now The parliament house originally known as ‘Council House ‘, founded in 1919, the Parliament alone possesses  legislative supremacy  and thereby ultimate power over all political bodies in India. The Parliament of India comprises thePresident of India  and the two Houses,  Lok Sabha  (House of the People) and  Rajya Sabha  (Council of States). The President has the power to summon and prorogue either House of Parliament or to dissolve Lok Sabha. The parliament is  bicameral, with an  upper house  called as Council of States or  Rajya Sabha, and a  lower house  called as House of People or  Lok Sabha. The two Houses meet in separate  chambers  , in New Delhi. The Members of either house are commonly referred to as Members of Parliament or MP. The MPs of Lok Sabha are elected by  direct election  and the MPs of Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of the State Legislative Assemblies and Union territories of Delhi and Pondicherry only in accordance with  proportional voting. The Parliament is composed of 790 MPs, who serve the largest  democratic  electorate  in the world The Estimates Committee, constituted for the first time in  1950, is a Parliamentary Committee consisting of 30  Members, elected every year by the Lok Sabha from amongst its Members. The Chairman of the Committee is  appointed by the Speaker from amongst its members. A Minister cannot be elected as a member of the Committee and if a member after his election to the Committee, is appointed a Minister, he   ceases to be a member of the  Committee from the date of such appointment Term of Office The term of office of the Committee is one year. Functions The functions of the Estimates Committee are: (a) to report what economies, improvements in  organisation, efficiency or administrative reform, consistent with the policy underlying the estimates  may be effected; (b) to suggest alternative policies in order to bring about efficiency and economy in administration; (c) to examine whether the money is well laid out within the limits of the policy implied in the estimates; and d) to suggest the form in which the estimates shall be presented to Parliament. The Committee does not exercise its functions in relation to such Public Undertakings as are allotted to the Committee on Public Undertakings by the Rules of Procedure of Lok Sabha or by the Speaker. Working The  Parliament of Great Britain  was formed in 1707  Soon after it is constituted, the Committee selects such of the estimates pertaining to a Ministry/Department of the  Central Government or su ch of the statutory and other bodies of the Central Government as may seem fit to the Committee. The Committee also examines matters of special interest which may arise or come to light in the course of its work or which are specifically referred to it by the House or the Speaker. The Committee calls for preliminary material from the Ministry/Department, statutory and other Government bodies in regard to the subjects selected for examination and also memoranda from non-officials connected with the subjects for the use of the Members of the Committee. The Committee, from time to time, appoints one or more Sub-Committees/Study Groups for carrying out detailed examination of various subjects. If it appears to the Committee that it is necessary for the purpose of its examination that an on-the-spot study should be made, the Committee may, with the approval of the Speaker decide to undertake tours to make a study of any  particular matter, project or establishment, either as a whole Committee or by dividing itself into Study Groups. Notes relating to the institutions/offices etc. to be visited are called for in advance from the concerned Ministries/Departments etc. and circulated to the Members of the Committee/Sub- Committee/Study Group. The Members while on tour may also meet the representatives of chambers of commerce and other nonofficial trade organisations and bodies which are concerned with the subjects under examination of the Committee, for an informal discussion. When the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group is on study tour only informal sittings are held at the place of visit. At such sitting neither evidence is recorded nor any decisions are taken. All discussions held by the Committee with the representatives of the   Ministries/ Departments, nonofficial organisations, etc. re treated as confidential and  no one having access to the discussions directly or  indirectly, should communicate to the Press or anyunauthorised person any information about matters taken  up during the discussions. Later in the light of informal discussions during Study Tours,  memoranda received from non-officials and information  collected from the Ministry/Department concerned and other sources, non-official and offi cial witnesses are invited to give evidence at formal sittings of the Estimates Committee held in Parliament House/Parliament House Annexe, New Delhi. The observations/recommendations of the Committee are embodied in its Reports which are presented to Lok Sabha. After a Report has been presented to the House the Ministry or Department concerned is required to take action on the recommendations and conclusions contained in the Report within a period of six months. The replies of the Government are examined by the Committee and an Action Taken Report is presented to the House. The replies to the recommendations contained in the Action Taken Reports are laid on the Table of Lok Sabha in the form of Statements. While U. S. A’s parliament is called as UNITED STATES CONGRESS The  United States Congress  is the  bicameral  legislature  of the  federal government  of the  United States, consisting of the  Senate, its upper house, and the  House of Representatives, its lower house. Congress meets in the  Capitol  in  Washington, D. C. Both representatives and senators are chosen through  direct election. There are 535 voting Members of Congress; the House of Representatives has a membership of 435 and the Senate has a membership 100. Members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a district. Congressional districts are  apportioned  to states by  population  using the United States Census results, each state in the union having at least one representative in the Congress. Regardless of population, each of the 50 states has two senators; the 100 senators each serve a six-year term. The terms are staggered so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election. Most incumbents seek re-election, and their historical likelihood of winning subsequent elections exceeds 90 percent. The  Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain  is the supreme  legislative body in the United kingdom, British  Crown dependencies  and  British overseas territories. The  parliament  is  bicameral, with an  upper house, the  House of Lords, and a  lower house, the  House of Commons. ]The Queen is the third component of the legislature. The House of Lords includes two different types of members: the  Lords Spiritual  (the senior  bishops  of the  Church of England) and the  Lords Temporal  (members of the  Peerage) whose members are not elected by the population at large, but are appointed by the Sovereign on advice of the Prime Minister . The  Parliament of Great Britain  was formed in 1707. Read also: My Ambition Is To Become a Collector How to cite Indian Parliament, Essay examples

Indian Parliament Free Essays

PARLIAMENT IN INDIA AND SHORT NOTES ON OTHER PARLIAMENTS By, T. Vishnu, IX A. The  Parliament of India  is the supreme  legislative body  in  India. We will write a custom essay sample on Indian Parliament or any similar topic only for you Order Now The parliament house originally known as ‘Council House ‘, founded in 1919, the Parliament alone possesses  legislative supremacy  and thereby ultimate power over all political bodies in India. The Parliament of India comprises thePresident of India  and the two Houses,  Lok Sabha  (House of the People) and  Rajya Sabha  (Council of States). The President has the power to summon and prorogue either House of Parliament or to dissolve Lok Sabha. The parliament is  bicameral, with an  upper house  called as Council of States or  Rajya Sabha, and a  lower house  called as House of People or  Lok Sabha. The two Houses meet in separate  chambers  , in New Delhi. The Members of either house are commonly referred to as Members of Parliament or MP. The MPs of Lok Sabha are elected by  direct election  and the MPs of Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of the State Legislative Assemblies and Union territories of Delhi and Pondicherry only in accordance with  proportional voting. The Parliament is composed of 790 MPs, who serve the largest  democratic  electorate  in the world The Estimates Committee, constituted for the first time in  1950, is a Parliamentary Committee consisting of 30  Members, elected every year by the Lok Sabha from amongst its Members. The Chairman of the Committee is  appointed by the Speaker from amongst its members. A Minister cannot be elected as a member of the Committee and if a member after his election to the Committee, is appointed a Minister, he   ceases to be a member of the  Committee from the date of such appointment Term of Office The term of office of the Committee is one year. Functions The functions of the Estimates Committee are: (a) to report what economies, improvements in  organisation, efficiency or administrative reform, consistent with the policy underlying the estimates  may be effected; (b) to suggest alternative policies in order to bring about efficiency and economy in administration; (c) to examine whether the money is well laid out within the limits of the policy implied in the estimates; and d) to suggest the form in which the estimates shall be presented to Parliament. The Committee does not exercise its functions in relation to such Public Undertakings as are allotted to the Committee on Public Undertakings by the Rules of Procedure of Lok Sabha or by the Speaker. Working The  Parliament of Great Britain  was formed in 1707  Soon after it is constituted, the Committee selects such of the estimates pertaining to a Ministry/Department of the  Central Government or su ch of the statutory and other bodies of the Central Government as may seem fit to the Committee. The Committee also examines matters of special interest which may arise or come to light in the course of its work or which are specifically referred to it by the House or the Speaker. The Committee calls for preliminary material from the Ministry/Department, statutory and other Government bodies in regard to the subjects selected for examination and also memoranda from non-officials connected with the subjects for the use of the Members of the Committee. The Committee, from time to time, appoints one or more Sub-Committees/Study Groups for carrying out detailed examination of various subjects. If it appears to the Committee that it is necessary for the purpose of its examination that an on-the-spot study should be made, the Committee may, with the approval of the Speaker decide to undertake tours to make a study of any  particular matter, project or establishment, either as a whole Committee or by dividing itself into Study Groups. Notes relating to the institutions/offices etc. to be visited are called for in advance from the concerned Ministries/Departments etc. and circulated to the Members of the Committee/Sub- Committee/Study Group. The Members while on tour may also meet the representatives of chambers of commerce and other nonofficial trade organisations and bodies which are concerned with the subjects under examination of the Committee, for an informal discussion. When the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group is on study tour only informal sittings are held at the place of visit. At such sitting neither evidence is recorded nor any decisions are taken. All discussions held by the Committee with the representatives of the   Ministries/ Departments, nonofficial organisations, etc. re treated as confidential and  no one having access to the discussions directly or  indirectly, should communicate to the Press or anyunauthorised person any information about matters taken  up during the discussions. Later in the light of informal discussions during Study Tours,  memoranda received from non-officials and information  collected from the Ministry/Department concerned and other sources, non-official and offi cial witnesses are invited to give evidence at formal sittings of the Estimates Committee held in Parliament House/Parliament House Annexe, New Delhi. The observations/recommendations of the Committee are embodied in its Reports which are presented to Lok Sabha. After a Report has been presented to the House the Ministry or Department concerned is required to take action on the recommendations and conclusions contained in the Report within a period of six months. The replies of the Government are examined by the Committee and an Action Taken Report is presented to the House. The replies to the recommendations contained in the Action Taken Reports are laid on the Table of Lok Sabha in the form of Statements. While U. S. A’s parliament is called as UNITED STATES CONGRESS The  United States Congress  is the  bicameral  legislature  of the  federal government  of the  United States, consisting of the  Senate, its upper house, and the  House of Representatives, its lower house. Congress meets in the  Capitol  in  Washington, D. C. Both representatives and senators are chosen through  direct election. There are 535 voting Members of Congress; the House of Representatives has a membership of 435 and the Senate has a membership 100. Members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a district. Congressional districts are  apportioned  to states by  population  using the United States Census results, each state in the union having at least one representative in the Congress. Regardless of population, each of the 50 states has two senators; the 100 senators each serve a six-year term. The terms are staggered so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election. Most incumbents seek re-election, and their historical likelihood of winning subsequent elections exceeds 90 percent. The  Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain  is the supreme  legislative body in the United kingdom, British  Crown dependencies  and  British overseas territories. The  parliament  is  bicameral, with an  upper house, the  House of Lords, and a  lower house, the  House of Commons. ]The Queen is the third component of the legislature. The House of Lords includes two different types of members: the  Lords Spiritual  (the senior  bishops  of the  Church of England) and the  Lords Temporal  (members of the  Peerage) whose members are not elected by the population at large, but are appointed by the Sovereign on advice of the Prime Minister . The  Parliament of Great Britain  was formed in 1707. Read also: My Ambition Is To Become a Collector How to cite Indian Parliament, Essay examples